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Iran's Javad Zarif, public face of detente with West, resigns
By Amir Havasi
Tehran (AFP) Feb 26, 2019

Zarif, Iran's veteran diplomat who crafted the nuclear deal
Mohammad Javad Zarif is credited with crafting Iran's landmark nuclear deal, but the veteran diplomat has spent years dodging "daggers" from detractors at home.

When thousands of Iranians flocked to the streets to celebrate the signing of the historic accord, it was Zarif's name they chanted.

As the Islamic republic's top diplomat, Zarif had led the negotiations between September 2013 and July 2015 which led to the deal, heralded as ending Iran's international isolation.

But initial elation came crashing down in May when US President Donald Trump pulled out of the agreement and reimposed crippling sanctions, hitting Iranians hard.

Zarif has for years come under fire from Iranian conservatives, who resented his close relationship with his US counterpart, John Kerry, during the nuclear talks.

"We were more worried by the daggers that were struck from behind than the negotiations," he told the Jomhoori Eslami newspaper in a February 2 interview.

"Internal pressure wore me down both during and after the talks."

Spending more than a third of his life in the United States and speaking flawless English have made him a hate figure for hardliners in his own country.

That is despite his status as a veteran of the Islamic revolution that toppled Iran's US-backed monarchy in 1979.

Those who last year failed to impeach Zarif continued their criticism of him Tuesday following the diplomat's decision to resign, although some lawmakers stood by him.

- 'Mr Ambassador' -

Raised in a religious family in Tehran, the two-time ambassador to the United Nations revealed in a best-selling memoir, "Mr Ambassador", that he did not listen to music until he was 15.

His involvement with politics goes back to his teenage years, when he attended secret meetings in the run-up to the revolution.

When he was 16, his parents sent Zarif to California after the Shah's regime threatened to arrest him.

There, he joined the Islamic Student Association and made many friends who later became political figures in Iran.

Among them was the brother of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, president from 1989 until 1997.

He held on to his devout ways. When he lived in the United States in the 80s, his wife, then a staunch revolutionary, did not allow him to buy a television for nearly 10 years, he said.

She later became a follower of Mohammad Esmail Dulabi, a mystic whose teachings changed her into "a quiet person filled with patience and tolerance".

"The new version had the greatest influence on our family," Zarif said. They have two adult children.

Following the seizure of the US embassy in Tehran by Islamist students in 1979 and the subsequent cutting of ties with Washington, Zarif was sent to shut down Iran's consulate in San Francisco.

He then studied international relations and earned a PhD from the University of Denver, writing a dissertation on "sanctions in international law".

Zarif has decades of experience as a negotiator.

He was a member of Iranian delegations which negotiated a ceasefire ending eight years of war with Iraq in 1988 and secured the release of American hostages in Lebanon in 1991.

In the late 1980s, he joined the Iranian delegation at the United Nations and was ambassador from 2002 to 2007, during the presidency of reformist Mohammad Khatami.

He was sacked by hardline president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

But when the more moderate Hassan Rouhani became president in 2013, Zarif was rehabilitated and picked to head the foreign ministry.

However, despite his fervent efforts to save the nuclear deal, Zarif hinted that internal strife had made his position untenable.

In an interview published Tuesday, he told Jomhoori Eslami: "Everything will be lost when there is no trust in the manager of foreign policy."

Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif, who was the lead negotiator in a landmark 2015 nuclear deal with major powers, has abruptly tendered his resignation, although there was no sign on Tuesday President Hassan Rouhani had accepted it.

Zarif offered an apology for his "shortcomings" in Monday's unexpected Instagram message, with prominent members of parliament calling for Rouhani to reject the resignation.

Zarif, 59, has served as Rouhani's foreign minister since August 2013 and has been under constant pressure from hardliners who opposed his policy of detente with the West.

"I apologise for my inability to continue serving and for all the shortcomings during my term in office," he said in the message posted on his verified Instagram account.

On Tuesday, he urged Iranian diplomats not to follow his lead as rumours spread of mass resignations.

"I hope my resignation will act as a spur for the foreign ministry to regain its proper statutory role in the conduct of foreign affairs," state run IRNA news agency quoted him as saying.

- 'Good riddance' -

The prospect of Zarif's departure was swiftly welcomed by Iran's foes.

His ready smile and mastery of both the English language and social media have made him a formidable player on the diplomatic stage.

"Zarif is gone. Good riddance," said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

Netanyahu was a bitter opponent of the 2015 nuclear deal Zarif negotiated with Barack Obama's administration and threw his own formidable lobbying powers into an ultimately successful campaign to persuade US President Donald Trump to abandon it last May.

US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo tweeted that it made no difference to Washington whether Zarif stays or goes.

"Either way, he and @HassanRouhani are just front men for a corrupt religious mafia," he said, adding that supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei "makes all final decisions".

- 'No trust' -

Zarif's announcement came hours after a surprise visit to Tehran by Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, who has been a major recipient of Iranian aid during his country's nearly eight-year civil war.

Semi-official ISNA news agency said Zarif was not present at any of Assad's meetings with Khamenei and Rouhani.

The Entekhab news agency said it tried to reach Zarif and received the following message: "After the photos of today's meetings, Javad Zarif no longer has any credibility in the world as the foreign minister!"

Rouhani on Tuesday said Assad had thanked Iran's foreign ministry during his visit, one of his very few abroad since the start of the civil war in 2011.

"He said he has come to thank the nation and the leader of Iran. He also thanked the foreign ministry," Rouhani said.

The president did not directly react to Zarif's resignation but praised him for being in the "front line against America", thanking the foreign minister for his "steadfastness".

Rouhani's chief of staff Mahmoud Vaezi said the president's remarks amounted to his "total satisfaction with Dr Zarif's performance and a tough response to some biased and incorrect analyses".

"In the view of Dr Rouhani, the Islamic Republic of Iran has only one foreign policy and one foreign minister," he added in an Instagram post.

In an interview with the conservative Jomhoori Eslami newspaper published on Tuesday, Zarif said "everything will be lost, when there is no trust in the manager of foreign policy".

Mostafa Kavakebian, a reformist MP, was among those urging Rouhani to reject Zarif's resignation.

"A great majority of MPs demand that the president never accept this resignation," he said on Twitter.

Deputy parliament speaker Ali Motahari slammed Rouhani for allowing "interference in foreign policy" and called on him to show authority in defending Zarif and the ministry.

Hardliners were not as supportive, indicating a deepening rift between Iran's political factions.

"Mr. Zarif resigned to avoid the difficulties of confronting America and having to answer for the wrong path he took during his tenure," said former MP Alireza Zakani.

"It is not political chivalry to avoid accountability... Zarif must stay," parliament's ultra-conservative Velayi faction said in a statement.

The head of parliament's national security and foreign policy committee, Heshmatollah Falahatpisheh, told ISNA that it was not the first time Zarif had tendered his resignation.

"That he has done so publicly this time means that he wants the president to accept it."

- 'Deadly poison' -

The face-off between Zarif and the hardliners has intensified as time has passed, and an attempt to impeach him in parliament was dropped only in December.

Zarif has publicly acknowledged that his main concern during the nuclear deal negotiations had been about opposition from inside Iran.

"We were more worried by the daggers that were struck from behind than the negotiations," he told Jomhoori Eslami.

The latest point of contention between Zarif and the hardliners has been the implementation of the requirements of the Financial Action Task Force regarding money laundering in Iran.

The rift on the issue, which has complicated Zarif's efforts to maintain European trade and investment despite the renewed US sanctions on Iran, has pitted the government against parliament and a key arbitration body.

Zarif told Jomhoori Eslami that such partisan disputes over foreign policy were "a deadly poison".

burs-amh-neg/hkb


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NUKEWARS
Iranian foreign minister Zarif tenders resignation on Instagram
Tehran (AFP) Feb 26, 2019
Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif, who was the lead negotiator in the 2015 nuclear deal has abruptly tendered his resignation on Instagram, although there was no sign President Hassan Rouhani had yet accepted his decision. Zarif offered an apology for his "shortcomings" in the unexpected message on Monday, with prominent members of parliament immediately calling for Rouhani not to accept the resignation. Zarif, 59, has served as Rouhani's foreign minister since August 2013 and has be ... read more

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