Polish companies collaborate on in-orbit satellite refuelling technology

Polish companies collaborate on in-orbit satellite refuelling technology
by Robert Schreiber
Berlin, Germany (SPX) Aug 14, 2024

The development of in-orbit refuelling capabilities is expected to play a crucial role in the future of space exploration. This technology is poised to significantly reduce costs by minimizing the need to replace satellites and supporting more sustainable mission designs, ultimately decreasing the number of satellites requiring deorbiting. Applicable to both new satellite generations and current models not originally designed for in-orbit refuelling, this technology will be vital for the continued sustainability of space operations.

Currently, Europe lacks a standardized approach to refuelling satellites in orbit. The ongoing project aims to create a detailed roadmap for an in-orbit refuelling service, which encompasses the development of necessary technologies and components. These include proximity operations, docking systems, servicing operations, and disconnection mechanisms.

PIAP Space, a leader in this initiative, is developing systems for docking with non-responsive objects, service grippers, and robotic arm control systems to enhance precision in space operations. Furthermore, advancements in in-orbit manipulation and fuel transfer technologies are expected to significantly boost the capabilities of satellite servicing.

"We are excited to contribute to the sustainable development of space technologies through the INORT project. This initiative strengthens our commitment to responsible space operations and actively drives innovation in satellite technology. We are providing solutions that address current needs and shape the future of space technology," said Marcin Dobrowolski, CEO of PIAP Space.

The INORT project is being executed in collaboration with two centers from the Lukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation. The Space Technology Center is spearheading the development of refuelling technologies, including mechanical connectors and propellant transfer procedures. Concurrently, the Unmanned Technology Center is focusing on the energy aspects of the servicing mission, along with the development of optoelectronic sensors crucial for satellite localization and the control of docking and post-docking maneuvers.

"The ability to refuel satellites in orbit is crucial for the future of space exploration. It can lead to significant cost savings by reducing the need to replace satellites and decreasing the number of satellites that need to be deorbited. This technology will apply to both current satellite models and next-generation satellites," said Pawel Surmacz, Head of the Satellite Propulsion Section at the Lukasiewicz - Institute of Aviation.

Since its inception in 2017, PIAP Space has been at the forefront of developing robotic solutions for the space industry. Among its achievements, the company developed a prototype chassis for the Sample Fetch Rover (SFR) as part of the NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return mission in 2022, which aims to deliver samples from Mars to Earth.

PIAP Space is also the prime contractor for the European Space Agency's TITAN project, focused on creating an advanced robotic arm for precise orbital operations. As of January 2024, the company's prototype robotic arm is undergoing testing for integration into ESA's ARGONAUT lander project, which is designed to transport cargo from a lunar lander to the Moon's surface.

This technology will enable the European Space Agency (ESA) to carry out missions such as manned spaceflights, transportation of equipment and materials, and autonomous lunar exploration. Recently, PIAP Space completed the ORBITA project, which aimed to improve satellite servicing capabilities by introducing specialized robotic grippers for in-orbit manipulation.