The multi-year partnership will see "thousands of Baidu's Apollo Go autonomous vehicles on the Uber platform across multiple global markets", the companies said in a joint statement.

The first driverless cars are expected on the roads this year, the statement said, adding the robotaxis would launch "outside the United States" but without specifying in which countries.

Uber users in these locations may have the option of choosing to ride in a fully driverless Apollo Go car after they request a trip.

China's tech companies and automakers have poured billions of dollars into self-driving technology in recent years, with intelligent driving the new battleground in the country's cutthroat domestic car market.

Driverless taxis are already on the roads with limited capacity in China, most notably in the central city of Wuhan where a fleet of over 500 can be hailed by app in designated areas.

In March, Baidu announced it had signed an agreement to launch autonomous driving tests and services in Dubai, Apollo Go's first international fleet deployment.

The company also plans to start testing self-driving taxis in Europe by the end of this year, a source with knowledge of the matter confirmed to AFP in May.

The company will also start testing in Turkey, they said.

Meanwhile, San Francisco-based Uber will launch self-driving taxis in London next year when England trials new driverless services, the firm and the UK government said in June.

Under the Uber pilot scheme, services will initially have a human in the driver's seat who can control the vehicle in an emergency, but the trials will eventually transition to being fully driverless.