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NUKEWARS
US Senate panel votes for congressional review of Iran deal
By Michael Mathes
Washington (AFP) April 14, 2015


Iran vows 'irreversible steps' on nuclear programme if matched by West
Madrid (AFP) April 14, 2015 - Iran will resume talks with world powers on a final nuclear agreement on April 21 and is ready to take "irreversible steps" if the West does the same, Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif said Tuesday in Spain.

"My team, the assistant to (EU foreign policy chief Federica) Mogherini and the other representatives of the 5+1 (global powers) will meet next Tuesday to begin drafting the text," he told a conference in Madrid.

He did not say where the talks would take place but later gave more details about his country's position.

"This is the framework under which we will operate with the 5+1 group: (there will be) irreversible steps on the Iranian side as long as their side takes irreversible steps. It is a very balanced approach," said Zarif, Iran's chief nuclear negotiator.

He was referring to the so-called P5+1 powers -- Britain, China, France, Russia, the United States and Germany -- who have been negotiating with Iran to end the 12-year standoff over its nuclear programme.

The six countries made a major breakthrough at talks with Iran on April 2 by agreeing on the parameters for a final deal to scale back its nuclear capabilities.

But the negotiators still have a series of technical issues to resolve by a June 30 deadline for a final deal, including the steps for lifting sanctions imposed on Iran.

"Iran will take all the measures that are required in the initial phase, all the measures," Zarif added during a joint news conference with his Spanish counterpart Jose Manuel Garcia-Margallo.

"If we are going to reduce the number of centrifuges we will do that in the first days, we are also called to redesign the Arak reactors into another hardwater reactor, we will do that in the initial steps," he added.

Western powers want Iran to re-design a planned research reactor at Arak to cut its potential output of plutonium, one of the materials needed to produce a nuclear bomb.

Oil-rich Iran denies Western claims that it is seeking to make a nuclear bomb.

- 'Congress is their problem' -

Iran's Supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who will have the final say on any deal, has cast doubt over the accord, saying that "nothing is binding".

President Hassan Rouhani has demanded that sanctions be lifted as soon as any deal is signed.

Zarif said that all the elements "required for the lifting of sanctions will take place in the first phase."

The P5+1 have said sanctions will only be gradually eased and want a mechanism to ensure they can be swiftly reimposed if Iran breaks its word.

US Secretary of State John Kerry has come under fire at home for pushing the deal, with many US lawmakers still wary of Iran, a long-time US foe, which has not had full diplomatic relations with Washington for 35 years.

Republican Senator Bob Corker, who has co-sponsored a bill that would give Congress the power to review any final deal, said Monday he might be garnering enough support to overcome any veto by President Barack Obama.

Zarif said he expected Washington to lift the sanctions.

"On the American side, we behold the government of the United States to be responsable," he said, adding that obtaining approval from Congress was "their problem".

"As far as we are concerned, they have to terminate the implementation of those sanctions and that is their legal obligation," he said.

Spain currently chairs the United Nations Sanctions Committee.

"We will try to reach a consensus so the sanctions disappear as Iran adopts the measures it has committed itself to do," said Garcia-Margallo.

A US Senate panel approved a measure Tuesday that would give Congress input on the fate of any final international deal to curb Iran's nuclear program.

In a display of bipartisan cooperation on what has been a divisive issue, the Senate Foreign Relations Committee voted 19-0 in favor of allowing lawmakers to review and potentially reject the final accord.

The vote came after panel chairman Bob Corker and top Democrat Ben Cardin struck a compromise on language in order to soothe concerns of the White House and some congressional Democrats.

"I think we've reached a balance here," Corker said.

A framework deal reached in Switzerland marked a breakthrough in a 12-year standoff between Iran and the West, which asserts Tehran is seeking to acquire a nuclear bomb -- a claim Iran denies.

Global powers must resolve a series of technical issues by a June 30 deadline for a final deal, including the steps for lifting sanctions on Iran, and remaining questions over the possible military dimensions of its nuclear program.

Several US lawmakers, including those who fear the deal might not be strong enough, want to weigh in and for Tehran to be afforded no sanctions relief until the review period is over.

Cardin and Corker were adamant that their bill would allow the talks between Iran and the so-called P5+1 -- Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States, plus Germany -- to continue unimpeded by congressional intervention.

"It is clear we will only act after the administration presents us with an agreement," Cardin said.

But he also stressed the White House would not be able to lift the nuclear-related sanctions on Iran without a congressional green light.

"Only Congress can permanently change or modify the sanctions regime," Cardin added.

- Support for terrorism -

Under the legislation, which heads to a full Senate debate and vote, the total review period would be reduced to 52 days, from the 60 days in earlier drafts.

That includes a 30-day review, plus 12 days for a possible veto by President Barack Obama and a 10-day window for an attempt to override such a veto.

Contentious language obligating Obama to certify to Congress that Iran was not engaging in terrorism was removed from the bill.

But it does require the president to make detailed reports to Congress on several issues, including Iran's ballistic missile work and its support for terrorism, particularly against Americans.

The measure appears to have support from the White House, which had threatened to veto the orignal bill out of fear it would derail the negotiations.

"What we have made clear to Democrats and Republicans in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee is that the president would be willing to sign the proposed compromise that is working its way through the committee today," White House spokesman Josh Earnest said shortly before the vote.

The panel convened after Secretary of State John Kerry came to Capitol Hill Monday and Tuesday to assuage concerns about the deal.

While some Democrats pressed Kerry on why lawmakers should let the White House move ahead with the Iran accord without their involvement, the top US diplomat provided "an irrefutably compelling case" for supporting the deal, House Democrat Jan Schakowsky said.

Senator Marco Rubio, who announced Monday he is running for president in 2016, withdrew his amendment that would have required Iran to recognize Israel's right to exist.

Some lawmakers warned extraneous elements could upend the bill, and Rubio acknowledged the importance of a securing congressional review of the Iran agreement.

Washington's powerful pro-Israel lobby AIPAC voiced approval of the measure, saying: "Congress should review any agreement to ensure it meets US objectives, and object if it fails to do so."

A final deal, the group said, "must be subjected to the constitutional system of checks and balances that is the bedrock of our democracy."


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NUKEWARS
Don't interfere with Iran talks, Kerry urges Congress
Washington (AFP) April 12, 2015
Secretary of State John Kerry will this week defend an emerging deal intended to curb Iran's nuclear ambitions, urging skeptical US lawmakers not to put up obstacles that could scupper the tough negotiations. "I'll lay out the facts," Kerry told CBS's "Face the Nation" on Sunday when asked about a different narrative emerging from Iranian leaders about the outlines of a deal agreed in Lausan ... read more


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