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How a hotel murder brought down China high-flyer Bo
by Staff Writers
Chongqing, China (AFP) Sept 21, 2013


Bo Xilai: rise and fall of a political star in China
Beijing (AFP) Sept 21, 2013 - With a suave demeanour, well-cut suits and an easy smile, Bo Xilai presented, in his heyday, a stark contrast to the usual ranks of stiff, buttoned-up Chinese politicians.

But his open ambition and lobbying for promotion, coupled with his "princeling" status as the son of a hero of China's revolution, irritated some of his colleagues in the upper echelons of the ruling Communist Party.

His revival of "red" culture, sending officials to work in the countryside and pushing workers to sing revolutionary songs, also raised eyebrows.

The ousted political star is awaiting a verdict and sentence, due Sunday, for alleged bribery, embezzlement and abuse of power in the country's highest-profile trial for decades.

During the five-day proceedings last month, Bo reinforced his larger-than-life persona with an unapologetic defence and grilling of witnesses.

Enjoying a rare chance as a Chinese defendant to speak out, he dismissed his wife as "insane" and a close aide as secretly being in love with her.

He admitted to having affairs himself, though he insisted on his modesty by saying his underwear was 50 years old.

Born in 1949 -- the year the Party took power in China -- Bo embraced his leftist streak despite tragedy suffered by his family during the 1966-76 Cultural Revolution, a decade of deadly chaos launched by then-leader Mao Zedong in which youths tormented their elders and officials were purged.

His father, revolutionary general Bo Yibo, was jailed and tortured and his mother was beaten to death, while Bo Xilai himself spent time in a labour camp.

But after Mao died and reformist leader Deng Xiaoping took over, Bo Yibo was rehabilitated and became one of the most powerful men in China, a party "immortal" who retained influence over state affairs through the 1990s.

The father's outsized stature bestowed on the son an impeccable pedigree that long protected him -- and may have also facilitated his rise through the ranks.

Bo studied history at Peking University and took a master's degree in journalism from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences -- an educational background that stands out in the crowd of engineers and scientists who make up China's political elite.

For nearly two decades from 1985, he was based in China's northeastern rustbelt, first as mayor of Dalian, a decaying port city that he is credited with transforming into a modern investment hub.

He brought glamour and attention to the city with flashy signature projects, including a mounted female police squad, international fashion show and successful football team.

There, he left his first wife, with whom he had one son, for Gu Kailai -- another privileged child of a renowned general, herself an accomplished lawyer who also studied at Peking University.

Bo was promoted to governor of Liaoning province, and in 2004 entered the Beijing limelight as China's commerce minister, dazzling foreign counterparts with his modern, can-do attitude.

During that time, he hosted many foreign visitors, including EU Trade Commissioner Peter Mandelson, with whom he appeared to be on genuinely friendly terms.

Outside observers who said his move to the megacity of Chongqing in the southwest in 2007 would push him out of the limelight found themselves proved wrong.

Yet those who had praised Bo as relatively liberal grew disillusioned, particularly with his ruthless corruption crackdown, which saw scores of officials detained -- some executed -- and has since been criticised as a flouting of the law.

An early critic, journalist Jiang Weiping, was jailed for five years in 2000 and later moved to Canada after accusing Bo and Gu of corruption in Dalian as early as the 1990s.

In a plot worthy of a spy novel, the downfall of high-flying Chinese politician Bo Xilai began when a British businessman was found dead in a hilltop hotel room.

The scandal that subsequently unfolded in Chongqing, a steamy riverside megacity, saw Bo's police chief flee to a US consulate and his wife convicted of murder, and finally brought Bo's own political aspirations to an ignoble end.

Chongqing, in China's southwest, has thick clumps of skyscrapers and an urban population of more than 16 million, swollen each day by opportunity-seekers arriving from the countryside.

Projects spearheaded by Bo, who became the city's leader and one of China's top 25 politicians in 2007, are everywhere, from rows of low-cost apartments to new bridges and a massive light-rail system -- all part of his attempt to gain political momentum to catapult him even higher within the power structure of the Chinese Communist Party.

Winding roads lead to the Lijing Holiday Hotel atop a forested hill. There, in one of a series of villas with sweeping views of Chongqing's high-rise city centre, Bo's wife Gu Kailai is said to have poisoned Briton Neil Heywood.

A steady stream of wealthy visitors dine on steak and yellow croaker fish in the hotel's rustic restaurant -- but staff denied the existence of the room where court documents say the murder occurred.

"There is no room 1605," a hotel receptionist who declined to be named told AFP. "I do not know what you are talking about."

Bo, the son of one of China's most revered revolutionary generals, met Heywood when he was mayor of the eastern port city of Dalian in the late 1990s.

Prosecutors told a court during his trial that businessmen had paid for foreign trips and transferred millions to his family in return for government support during the period.

An English teacher turned business consultant who was fond of linen suits, Heywood cultivated an aristocratic air reflecting his former attendance at the elite British boarding school Harrow.

He became close to Bo as well as his wife, a prominent lawyer, and guided their son Bo Guagua as he started studies at the 22,400 pounds ($35,000) a year Papplewick prep school in Britain, before going on to Harrow, Oxford and Harvard.

As his connections with Bo and Gu deepened, Heywood reportedly bought an expensive villa in Beijing, and a Jaguar sports car with the licence plate "007".

Bo's family, meanwhile, is said to have amassed property in France, and luxury apartments in Britain and the United States. Reports say Heywood helped invest millions from their fortune in foreign assets.

But as Gu became closer to Bo's right hand man in Chongqing, Wang Lijun -- a flamboyant martial-arts trained policeman from Inner Mongolia -- Heywood's relationship with her began to sour.

The two clashed over payments on a business deal, according to the official account of Gu's trial. In November of 2011, in the dingy room at the Lijing Holiday Hotel, Gu plied Heywood with alcohol, and poured a cyanide-based poison in his mouth, a Chinese court heard.

When Heywood's body was discovered, he was diagnosed as having suffered a heart attack before being quickly cremated.

But the scandal became public early last year after Bo fell out with Wang over the murder, punching him in the face so hard that "liquid dripped out of his ear", according to Wang's trial testimony, and sacking him from his post.

At his trial, Bo accused Wang of being in love with his wife, and said that Wang "slapped himself eight times" in front of him and Gu when his romantic feelings for the lawyer became known.

Shortly after, Wang appeared at the door of the US consulate in the neighbouring city of Chengdu, offering a raft of secrets to stunned diplomats.

A stand-off involving hundreds of police vehicles ensued before Wang was escorted to Beijing by a top Chinese security official, reportedly because he feared assassination by Bo.

As rumours of Bo's imminent arrest began to swirl, he remained defiant, telling reporters in Beijing in March that accusations against him were "sheer rubbish".

But a terse announcement by China's state news agency days later sealed his fate: Bo had been relieved of his post and faced an internal party investigation, bringing his political career to an abrupt end.

Even so, it took more than a year for his case to come to trial, as analysts say factions of the ruling party negotiated over his fate. He was finally charged with corruption and abuse of power, and tried over five days last month.

Gu and Wang were both convicted in carefully-orchestrated trials, which saw Gu handed a suspended death sentence -- usually commuted to life in prison -- for the murder of Heywood, and Wang 15 years in jail for his role in its cover-up.

Bo mounted a stunning defence at his trial, where both Gu and Wang testified, denying his guilt, and calling his wife "crazy."

But the court, which rules on Sunday, is almost certain to find Bo guilty, and the man who once seemed destined to become one of the most powerful in China is now expected to spend decades of his life under house arrest, or even behind bars.

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