Scientists To Discuss Climate Change On Antarctic Peninsula

TERRADAILY

Record warm temperatures are hitting the South Pole and the Antarctic coastal bases while the intriguing Dry Valleys are turning wet. See earlier report for more details

Clinton - Apr 04, 2002
Scientists from around the globe will meet in New York State later this week to discuss environmental changes on the Antarctic Peninsula, the effects of a long-documented warming trend there on plants, animals and ice conditions, and whether similar conditions have existed previously over recent geological time.

The peninsula, which extends northward toward South America, was the site of the collapse of an enormous ice shelf, dubbed the Larsen B, in late March that made headlines around the world.

The conference, supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF), is entitled "Antarctic Peninsula Climate Variability: A Historical and Paleoenvironmental Perspective." It is jointly sponsored by the Hamilton College Environmental Studies Program and Colgate University and will be held April 3-5 at the Hamilton campus in Clinton, N.Y.

Scott Borg of NSF's Office of Polar Programs, who will make opening remarks at the conference, said the meeting had been planned before the recent disintegration of the Larsen B ice shelf because the Antarctic Peninsula has long been the focus of multidisciplinary scientific investigations into long-term climate trends.

Other ice shelves have disintegrated along the peninsula in recent years and other severe and rapid changes in the ecosystem there have attracted the interest of scientists.

The conference goals are to begin to understand how atmospheric and oceanographic factors have affected the climate system of the Peninsula in the past, using evidence from marine sediment and ice cores. Conference organizers also will look at current conditions and attempt to discern links between the local conditions on the Peninsula and other regional and global climate events.

Even in Antarctica, there appear to be marked variations in climate and temperature trends.

Researchers with NSF's Long-Term Ecological Research project in Antarctica's Dry Valleys recently published a paper in Nature arguing that the continent of Antarctica has cooled measurably over the last 35 years.

That paper acknowledges the existence of a documented warming trend on the Peninsula.

Among the topics on the agenda are the decay of ice shelves on the Peninsula, the decrease in sea ice cover in the Southern Ocean around the Peninsula; increases in mean annual summer and winter temperatures; shifts in penguin populations; and changes in vascular plant density and distribution.

The conference also gives scientists their first opportunity to review sea-floor data from the Larsen B shelf area that were collected on an NSF-supported research cruise earlier this year.

Eugene Domack, a conference organizer and a professor of geology at Hamilton College, conducted a ship-borne survey of the region aboard the NSF's research vessel Nathaniel B. Palmer a few months prior to the Larsen B shelf collapse.

Domack said that sea-floor photographs illustrate a seascape littered with a pavement of stones most likely released by icebergs from the previous break up of segments of the Larsen B system in 2000 and 1999.

Preliminary study of sediment cores from in front of the Larsen B, he added, suggest that the Larsen B collapse may be unprecedented in the roughly 12,000 years since the last ice age.

Borg noted that the Larsen B disintegration will provide scientists with an opportunity to study areas of the ocean floor that previously were inaccessible because they were covered by the ice shelf and begin to gather evidence that will clarify the history of the Larsen B.

TERRADAILY

Antarctica Key To Sudden Sea Level Rises

Corvallis - Mar 29, 2002
A massive and unusually abrupt rise in sea level about 14,200 years ago was caused by the partial collapse of ice sheets in Antarctica, a new study has shown, in research that solves a mystery scientists have been heatedly debating for more than a decade.

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