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Microsoft readies new Xbox as entertainment hub
by Staff Writers
San Francisco (AFP) May 21, 2013


Apple offshore loopholes averted taxes: panel
Washington (AFP) May 20, 2013 - Apple avoided paying taxes on tens of billions of dollars in profits through a complex network of subsidiaries, many with "no declared tax jurisdiction," a US Senate panel has concluded.

The Senate investigation, set to be discussed at a hearing Tuesday, stopped short of accusing the US tech giant of anything illegal but two lawmakers on the panel said the tax strategies call for new scrutiny.

"Apple wasn't satisfied with shifting its profits to a low-tax offshore tax haven," said Senator Carl Levin, head of the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, in a statement Monday.

"Apple sought the holy grail of tax avoidance. It has created offshore entities holding tens of billions of dollars, while claiming to be tax resident nowhere."

Levin said Tuesday's hearing would "highlight that gimmick and other Apple offshore tax avoidance tactics so that American working families who pay their share of taxes understand how offshore tax loopholes raise their tax burden, add to the federal deficit and ought to be closed."

Republican Senator John McCain, another panel member, cited "the highly questionable tax strategies that corporations like Apple use to avoid paying taxes in America."

"The proper place for the bulk of Apple's creative energy ought to go into its innovative products and services, not in its tax department," McCain said in a statement.

The two senators said they were proposing measures to close these loopholes used by Apple and other multinationals to shield offshore income from US taxes.

The Senate report said Apple used a "cost sharing agreement" to transfer intellectual property assets offshore and shift the resulting profits to a tax haven jurisdiction.

One subsidiary "reported net income of $30 billion, but declined to declare any tax residence, filed no corporate income tax return, and paid no corporate income taxes to any national government for five years," the report said.

The panel said Apple also negotiated a tax rate of less than two percent with the government of Ireland, lower than that the 12 percent statutory rate , to use Ireland as the base for its network of offshore subsidiaries.

From 2009 to 2012, the deal allowed Apple to shift $74 billion in worldwide sales income away from the United States to Ireland, the investigators found.

The report said Apple has $145 billion in cash and equivalents, of which $102 billion is held offshore to minimize tax liabilities.

The panel has called Apple chief executive Tim Cook and others from the California tech giant to testify Tuesday on "methods employed by multinational corporations to shift profits offshore."

The hearing comes amid increased scrutiny on offshore holdings of big US corporations, which have hundreds of billions of dollars overseas but are reluctant to bring the funds home because they could be subject to a top tax rate of 35 percent.

Cook told The Washington Post he will be making his own proposal to lawmakers, which he argued would make it easier for Apple and other companies to repatriate offshore profits.

"If you look at it today, to repatriate cash to the US, you need to pay 35 percent of that cash. And that is a very high number," Cook told the daily.

"We are not proposing that it be zero. I know many of our peers believe that. But I don't view that. But I think it has to be reasonable."

Microsoft offers a glimpse Tuesday at a new-generation Xbox as videogame consoles evolve into home entertainment centers and adapt to competition from smartphones and tablets.

A tented stage has been set up at the technology giant's headquarters in the city of Redmond in Washington State for an "Xbox Reveal" event to play out just weeks before a major annual E3 videogame conference in Los Angeles.

The console debut, to be streamed worldwide to Internet-linked Xbox 360 consoles, will spotlight the hardware and platform while Microsoft will show off games at E3.

"We are really going to tell one story across two events," Aaron Greenberg of Microsoft's interactive entertainment division said in an interview posted online.

"That's about revealing the next Xbox platform and our vision for the future of games and the future of entertainment."

Microsoft has sold approximately 77 million Xbox 360 consoles since they hit the market in late 2005. Console rival Sony has sold about the same number of PlayStation 3 consoles.

Meanwhile, Nintendo sold nearly 100 million Wii consoles that became hits due to innovative motion-sensing controls after their debut in 2006.

Demand for Nintendo's recently-released Wii U consoles have been disappointing, however.

Sony announced a new generation PlayStation 4 system in February but spoke ambiguously about the device, leaving much to the imagination.

Sony picked the eve of the Xbox Reveal event to release a YouTube video teasing its plans to show off the PS4 in Los Angeles on June 10, the night before E3 officially gets underway.

The PS4 will succeed PlayStation 3 consoles that began their lifespan in late 2006.

Microsoft's E3 press event will take place in the morning on June 10 but will be competing with an eagerly-anticipated Apple developers conference keynote presentation taking place in San Francisco at the same time.

"If you look at Microsoft, their competition is Apple and Google," videogame industry analyst Mike Hickey of National Alliance told AFP, noting that the new Xbox will need to deliver a broad range of digital entertainment to be a hit.

"They have to surface content beyond just games to create value for gamers and non-gamers on Xbox Live," he continued, referring to Microsoft online service connecting consoles to games, movies, music, and more.

"Now, with smartphones and tablets getting more traction they need to have a presence on those as well."

Low-cost or free games on smartphones or tablet computers are increasing the pressure on videogame companies to deliver experiences worth players' time and money.

Features being incorporated into new consoles include games relying on connections to servers in the Internet "cloud" and synching play, movie viewing and social networking with tablets, smartphones and other devices.

Last year at E3, Microsoft introduced Smart Glass software to connect Xbox 360 consoles with smartphones or tablets, which could serve as second-screens for viewing or controlling action on televisions.

"The essence of Xbox was to get a lock on the living room," Hickey said.

About $65 billion was spent worldwide last year on videogames, with 1.2 billion people playing them on devices ranging from smartphones to consoles, according to industry statistics cited by Microsoft.

"More people are playing videogames today than ever before and they are doing it across more devices," Greenberg said.

The largest portion of revenue was spent on console hardware and software, according to Greenberg.

Game software, not hardware, typically drives profit, he added. Subscription service Xbox Live boasts 46 million members.

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