France Says Future Is Nuclear With New Generation Of Power-Plants

CIVIL NUCLEAR

A recent taken 21 October 2004 shows the Flamanville nuclear plant. France is to build the first of a new generation of pressurised water nuclear plants at a site on the Normandy coast, the state-owned electricity generator EDF said 21 October 2004. Construction of the EPR (European Pressurised Water Reactor) is due to start in 2007 at Flamanville on the Cotentin peninsula, with the first electricity being produced four years later. France is looking to replace its existing 19 nuclear power plants, which currently produce more than 75 percent of the country's power but are due to go out of service over the next two decades. AFP Photo by Andre Durand

by Hugh Schofield
Paris (AFP) Oct 21, 2004
France staked its claim to remain a world leader in atomic energy Thursday by announcing that it will build the first of a new generation of pressurised water nuclear plants at a site on the Normandy coast.

Construction of the EPR (European Pressurised Water Reactor) is due to start in 2007 at Flamanville near Cherbourg on the Cotentin peninsula, with the first electricity being produced five years later, the state-owned generator EDF said in a statement.

Built at a cost of three billion euros (3.8 billion dollars), the reactor will be the first of a so-called "third generation" of nuclear power stations intended to take over from France's existing stock of 19 plants -- including 58 reactors -- over the next two decades.

France currently produces more than 75 percent of its electricity from "second generation" nuclear installations. The earliest at Fassenheim near the German border went into service in 1977, and their life expectancy is around 40 years.

The "first generation" were the prototypes built in the 1950s and 60s.

While the pressurised water technology does not mark a major innovation, the EPR design, conceived over ten years by Siemens of Germany and the French company Areva, is intended to provide electricity more efficiently and more safely than current models.

According to EDF, the reactor should reduce the risk of accident by ten and its double casing be able to withstand the impact of an aircraft flown by terrorists. The design also means that even if there is a disaster, the reactor core will collapse in on itself to contain radiation leaks.

The EPR reactor should also generate 1,600 megawatts of electricity -- compared to 900 for most current reactors -- need less regular re-charging, and have a life span of 60 years.

However opponents of nuclear power say official statements about the safety of EPR are not to be believed. "The EPR reactor offers no greater guarantee against terrorism than any other reactor," said Stephane Lhomme of the Get out of Nuclear collective.

"We are investing three billion euros in a technology that is almost obsolete for political reasons that have no connection with a rational, properly thought-out energy policy," said Greenpeace in a statement.

France's centre-right government took the decision in May to press ahead with the new generation of nuclear reactors, arguing that it is the best response to the likely long-term increase in petrol prices as well as demands for a cleaner environment.

Two other sites, one in northern Normandy and the other in southeast France, had been under consideration for the project.

"On the environmental front the reactor reinforces France's preeminence in the fight against climate change, and economically it will allow us to ensure supply and limit the effects of a rapid increase in oil prices," said Patrick Ollier, chairman of the National Assembly's economic affairs committee.

Development of the EPR is also seen as a crucial way of maintaining France's technological edge in the highly competitive nuclear energy market. Earlier this month President Jacques Chirac was lobbying hard in China for contracts in the country's ambitious nuclear programme.

France also hopes to be chosen as the site for the future International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) which aims to develop the creation of energy through nuclear fusion by mid-century. However the bid from the research station at Cadarache in southern France faces stiff opposition from Japan.

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CIVIL NUCLEAR

Iran Adamant On Not Ending Nuclear Fuel Enrichment Activities

Tehran, Iran (UPI) Oct 19, 2004
Iran has remained unyielding on demands to permanently stop uranium enrichment, despite an incentives package expected to be presented in the coming days by the European Union's top three powers - Britain, France and Germany - aimed at convincing the Islamic republic to give up its nuclear ambitions.

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