The group of 11 economists in leading American and European universities published a joint statement via the "Forum on Information and Democracy", a body formed by the Reporters Without Borders media freedom group and the French state.

After detailing the problems stemming from job losses, falling revenues and the AI threat to journalism, the economists urged governments to play a larger role in "investing in and shaping the media ecosystem."

"Governments around the world are chasing the AI dream, pinning their hopes on these technologies to drive economic prosperity," they wrote. "Yet they are not investing sufficiently in a foundational resource that underpins our 21st century economies -- independent, verifiable information."

Media companies have seen their traditional model of selling advertising to fund their news gathering operations decimated since the advent of the internet.

Online platforms such as Meta and Google captured the bulk of online advertising revenues, while new AI chatbots such as ChatGPT or Google's Gemini have dramatically reduced the number of people accessing media company websites for information.

"The informational good that public interest media provide is being captured for private profits by these companies," the economists said.

Societies needed a "collective reappraisal of the social and economic value" of reliable information, which should lead governments to subsidise public interest media and pass legislation to protect them.

Government action was needed to "save us from continuing on a path where public interest journalism looks set to collapse, with enormous consequences for our economy, our society, and our democracies", they concluded.

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