Weather models advance satellite tracking capabilities

Berlin, Germany (SPX) Apr 22, 2024
Researchers at the University of Helsinki's Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR) have demonstrated that modern weather prediction models can estimate the energy Earth emits and reflects into space. This energy influences the trajectories of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. Utilizing these models, the team, led by Sanam Motlaghzadeh, a doctoral researcher funded by the Nessling Foundation, has deepened our understanding of how weather phenomena like tropical cyclones affect satellite orbits.

The researchers employed numerical weather models-complex computer simulators that forecast future atmospheric conditions using current observations and physical laws. "These models simulate weather patterns and calculate Earth's energy emissions and reflections under different atmospheric conditions. We explored how variations in weather, such as cloud cover and storms, impact satellite trajectories and their operational capabilities," explained Motlaghzadeh.

This research highlights the potential for improved satellite tracking and management, which could increase the reliability and efficiency of satellite operations. Motlaghzadeh added, "Understanding how weather impacts satellites also boosts the precision of satellite-based measurements crucial for climate research. This capability is vital for ensuring the accuracy of data used to track climate change impacts."

Satellites are instrumental in monitoring ecological changes, like vegetation dynamics, water resources, and glacier movements, through diverse measurement techniques. These observations are integral to studying and addressing climate change.

Further, this enhanced understanding of satellite movements can aid in climate monitoring and disaster management, with advanced weather models refining satellite-based measurements for better environmental assessment and response strategies.

"Grasping how satellites interact with Earth's atmosphere provides essential insights into our planet's dynamics and changes. Our findings support more accurate monitoring of global water resources, contributing to food security," Motlaghzadeh concluded.

Research Report:Weather-induced satellite orbit perturbations.